1 Current situation of fertilizer industry in China

Fertilizer is an important means of agricultural production, and the sustainable and stable development of agriculture cannot be separated from fertilizer. Fertilizer is widely used in production because of its rich content of available nutrients and remarkable effect of increasing production. At present, China's fertilizer production and use ranks first in the world.

At present, the world's crop fertilizer application amount is 120 kg/hm2, and China's crop fertilizer application amount is 328.5 kg/hm2, which is much higher than the world average.

Excessive application and blind application of chemical fertilizer bring about a series of problems such as cost increase, environmental pollution, soil degradation and so on.

In terms of the average yield increase per kilogram of fertilizer on different crops:

In 1975, 25 kg grain /kg fertilizer, 15 kg oil /kg fertilizer, 10 kg cotton /kg fertilizer;

In 2008, it was 8-9 kg grain /kg fertilizer, 6-7 kg oil /kg fertilizer, 5-6 kg cotton /kg fertilizer.

The sharp decline of fertilizer returns indicates that with the long-term use of fertilizer, the basic fertility of soil is gradually weakening, and the weakening of soil basic fertility has become an important limiting factor affecting the sustainable development of agriculture and the high and stable yield of crops in China. In order to achieve sustainable development of agricultural products, it is imperative to develop efficient and environmentally friendly fertilizers.

2 Bio-organic fertilizer is an inevitable choice for sustainable agricultural development

Based on the current agricultural situation, bio-organic fertilizer has built a bridge for the growth of agricultural waste and crops with its unique advantages, and opened up a sustainable development road with "agricultural waste ---- bio-organic fertilizer ---- crops" as the cycle model.

01 Application of bio-organic fertilizer is an important way to improve the basic soil fertility and improve the quality of agricultural products

The original intention of the development and production of bio-organic fertilizer is to integrate the advantages of organic fertilizer and biofertilizer into one, which not only helps to improve crop yield, but also can enrich the soil, regulate the soil micro-ecological balance, reduce the amount of inorganic fertilizer, and fundamentally improve the quality of agricultural products, which is in line with the direction of sustainable agricultural development and green agricultural production in China.

02 Production of bio-organic fertilizer is an important means of resource utilization of agricultural waste

Agricultural waste contains rich nutrient elements and organic nutrients necessary for crop growth, the utilization of its resources into bio-organic fertilizer, through the role of microorganisms to mineralize organic matter, humification and harmless, for crop absorption and utilization, not only can alleviate the pressure of agricultural waste on the environment, but also can turn waste into treasure, to obtain certain economic benefits.

In summary, bio-organic fertilizer, as an efficient and pollution-free environmental protection product, is an inevitable choice for sustainable agricultural development.

3. Advantages and action mechanism of bio-organic fertilizer

Bio-organic fertilizer is an organic fertilizer containing a large number of functional microorganisms, which is made by adding functional microbial microbial agent to the decomposed material for secondary fermentation on the basis of compost.

What are the advantages of bio-organic fertilizer?

Compared with chemical fertilizer: bio-organic fertilizer has more complete nutritional elements, long-term use can effectively improve soil, improve crop resistance to diseases and insects, and improve product quality.

Compared with farm fertilizer: Functional bacteria in bio-organic fertilizer can improve soil fertility, while farm fertilizer does not have the special effect of superior functional bacteria.

Compared with simple bacterial fertilizer, bio-organic fertilizer contains functional bacteria and organic matter. Organic matter can not only improve the soil, but also is the living environment of functional bacteria. Functional bacteria are easy to colonize and play a role after application in the soil. On the other hand, bio-organic fertilizer is cheaper than bio-bacterial fertilizer.

The role of fermentation bacteria and functional bacteria

First, the beneficial microorganisms in fertilizers will colonize a large number of soil to form a dominant population, inhibit the growth and reproduction of other harmful microorganisms, and even produce antagonistic effects on some pathogenic microorganisms.

Second, functional bacteria play a role in improving soil fertility, the application of fertilizer containing phosphorus, potassium microorganisms, which microorganisms can decompose the insoluble phosphorus and potassium in the soil, so that crops can absorb and use.

Third, many microbial strains in fertilizer will produce beneficial metabolites for crops during the growth and reproduction process, and enhance the resistance to disease of crops.

The role of physiologically active substances

Bio-organic fertilizer is rich in a variety of physiological active substances, such as vitamins, amino acids, nucleic acids, and other physiological active substances.

Improve the photosynthesis ability of crops, make the roots of crops developed, grow robust; A variety of organic acids and enzymes can decompose and transform a variety of complex organic matter and quickly activate soil nutrients, so that effective nutrients are increased for crop absorption and utilization.

The role of organic and inorganic nutrients

Bio-organic fertilizers contain both amino acids, proteins, sugars, fats and other organic components and trace elements (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo, etc.).

These nutrients can not only be directly absorbed and utilized by crops, but also effectively improve soil fertility, water retention, buffering and ventilation status, etc., providing a good growing environment for crops.

4. Development trend of bio-organic fertilizer

At present, countries around the world pay great attention to the sustainable development of agriculture, and continue to increase the development, production and application of bio-organic fertilizer. Although China's bio-organic fertilizer industry has had a certain development, but due to various reasons, there are still some shortcomings and need to be improved. In the future, the development of bio-organic fertilizer in China needs to be made from the following three aspects.

1. Improve product quality

To improve the quality of bio-organic fertilizer products, it mainly starts from three aspects: strain breeding, process optimization and development of new products.

In terms of strain selection, we should increase the mining and utilization of agricultural microbial strain resources with specific functions such as promoting root growth, transforming soil nutrients, preventing soil-borne diseases, reducing and passivating toxic and harmful substances in the rhizosphere.

In terms of process optimization, research and development and establishment of different solid organic waste compost resource utilization technologies and processes, according to different sources of waste, to establish supporting processes and technologies to meet the changing needs of the organic waste resource utilization industry.

In the development of new products, in response to the research and development of the compounding technology and process of new full-cell bio-organic fertilizer, the production of new full-cell bio-organic fertilizer products suitable for different soils, different crops and different climatic conditions.

2. Standardize product management

At present, there are many varieties of bio-organic fertilizer products on the market, rich and diverse packaging, and the quality is uneven, in response to these problems, the relevant industry management departments should strengthen the detection and supervision of products, and the counterfeit and shoddy behavior on the market must be severely cracked down on and punished.

3. Increase promotion efforts

The government, enterprises and relevant agricultural technical departments should work together to strengthen the publicity and promotion of bio-organic fertilizer, and demonstrate the application effect of bio-organic fertilizer to farmers through demonstration, explanation, on-site guidance, etc., so that farmers can fundamentally understand the economic and ecological benefits of bio-organic fertilizer, and improve the enthusiasm of farmers to use bio-organic fertilizer.

We conclude that the development and application of bio-organic fertilizer can not only create conditions for the development of green agriculture and organic agriculture, but also "turn waste into treasure" to realize resource utilization, with high economic benefits, ecological benefits and social benefits, and is a strong guarantee for achieving sustainable development of agriculture. In the future, bio-organic fertilizer will become a hot spot in the production and consumption of agricultural materials in the fertilizer industry, and it will be the most promising fertilizer with broad development prospects!

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