Modern agriculture includes facilities agriculture, tourism agriculture, soilless cultivation, precision agriculture, space agriculture, photovoltaic agriculture and other agricultural production and operation modes, which use modern scientific and technological means to carry out agricultural production and planting, as well as management, to achieve agricultural scale, industrialization, precision development, and promote agricultural added value growth and income.
Facility agriculture
Facility agriculture is mainly based on intelligent greenhouses, which refers to high-tech "intelligent" greenhouses equipped with computer-controlled automatic skylight, shading system, insulation system, heating system, and other automation facilities based on agricultural greenhouse environment. The use of advanced scientific and technological means in the greenhouse to provide a most suitable environment for crop growth. Intelligent greenhouse can not only achieve agricultural production and planting, but also achieve agricultural tourism, scientific research, medical care, and the ecological restaurant function most familiar to the masses.
1, production greenhouse
Production greenhouse is mainly based on production and planting, which can grow vegetables, flowers, fruits and seedling tissue culture functions in the greenhouse.
2. Ecological restaurant
Ecological restaurant is a comprehensive application of architecture, landscape architecture, facility horticulture, ecology and other related disciplines for planning, design and construction, facility control technology, agronomic cultivation and management technology to maintain the beautiful environment of the restaurant, forming a plant configuration pattern with green landscape plants as the main, vegetables, fruits, flowers, grass and medicine as the auxiliary. Combined with rockery, waterfall, small bridge, bamboo pavilion and other garden landscape, all-round three-dimensional display of green, beautiful, pleasant dining environment.
3. Sightseeing greenhouse
Agricultural sightseeing greenhouse is a high-tech agricultural boutique theme park integrating sightseeing, technology display and science popularization education. It organically integrates garden art, horticultural landscape, cultivation technology and regional culture to make it a new agricultural landscape form with a complete landscape system and tourism functions.
Soilless culture
Soilless cultivation is a new crop cultivation technique developed in recent decades. Crops are not grown in soil, but in aqueous solutions (nutrient solutions) containing minerals. Or in a certain cultivation medium, crops are cultivated with nutrient solution. As long as there are certain cultivation equipment and certain management measures, crops can grow normally and obtain high yield. Because it does not use natural soil, but uses nutrient solution to grow crops, it is called soilless cultivation.
1. Three layers of hydroponics
The three-layer hydroponic culture uses water as the main carrier of crop growth, and at the same time, the nutrient solution provides the nutrients required for the growth of crops. The cultivation facilities of this model are closed, heat preservation and insulation are good, and the cultivation of pure water is very suitable for direct picking and eating on the spot.
2, pillar cultivation
Columnar cultivation is the installation of a number of flower-like cultivation tanks on the pole, in which the substrate is placed for cultivation. Most of the pillar cultivation planting pollution-free strawberries, strawberries after the fruit is distributed around the cultivation tank, very lovely, picking is also very convenient, and can be eaten directly.
3, aerosol cultivation
Aerosol cultivation is a new type of cultivation mode in which water mixed with nutrient solution is atomized under high pressure and sprayed directly onto the roots of crops. The roots of crops are directly suspended in the space part of the cultivation container and contact the aerosol through the roots to meet the conditions required for growth.
The advantages of aerosol cultivation are pollution-free, high scientific and technological content, and direct edible, which is very practical and ornamental value.
4, tree cultivation
Tree-like cultivation adopts multi-rod pruning cultivation method and reasonable control means to cultivate an ordinary plantlet into a "tree body" covering an area of more than tens of square meters, which greatly improves the yield.
Demonstrating the amazing potential of single plant yield. It is of great value in cultivation research and agricultural tourism.
5. Aerial cultivation
Aerial cultivation is the use of deep liquid cultivation mode, sweet potato from traditional cultivation into hydroponics cultivation. The aquatic roots provide sufficient water and fertilizer for the plants, and the adventitious roots generated by the vines become storage roots, realizing the division of labor and cooperation of the roots, planting once, harvesting for many years.
This new cultivation method has very high ornamental value and scientific research value.
Precision agriculture
Precision agriculture is a type of agriculture, is supported by information technology according to spatial variation, positioning, timing, quantitative implementation of a set of modern agricultural operation technology and management system, is a new trend of agricultural development in the world today.
1. Internet of Things system
The general application of agricultural Internet of Things is to form a monitoring network with a large number of sensor nodes and collect information through various sensors to help farmers find problems in time and accurately determine the location of problems. In this way, agriculture will gradually shift from the production mode centered on manpower and relying on isolated machinery to the production mode centered on information and software. Thus a large number of automated, intelligent, remote control of production equipment.
2. Integrated water and fertilizer system
The system adopts the advanced automatic control program, which can carry out the precise fertilization and irrigation for the plants by timing and quantification and subdivision. Using the system can save more than 60% water, save about 50% fertilizer, save more than 20 hours of labor, is a water saving, fertilizer saving, labor saving automatic irrigation and fertilization.
3. Plant protection drone
Plant protection UAV, as the name suggests, is an unmanned aircraft used for agriculture and forestry plant protection operations. This type of unmanned aircraft consists of three parts: flight platform (fixed wing, helicopter, multi-axis aircraft), navigation flight control, and spraying mechanism. Through ground remote control or navigation flight control, spraying operations can be achieved.
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